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The Basics of How Electric Guitars Work…

Christopher Horton

Hey, I’m Chris – that’s me above. I’ve been playing guitars for over two decades, had a major record label deal in the mid-2000s, and I’ve worked in studios in LA and Atlanta with everyone from Katy Perry to Baroness and KYLESA.

My weapon of choice? Guitar. Always has been. And if you’re new and want to learn about how electric guitars work, inside and out, I made this article for you.

Electric guitars haven’t really changed much since they first appeared on the scene over 70 years ago. The shape, the way they play, and the electronics – it’s all the same. 

Of course, there have been advancements: new materials, new types of woods, massive developments in pickup technology, and fancier additions like locking tuners and floating tremolos. 

On a macro scale, though, they’re the same as always. Learning how each component of your electric guitar works is always optimal. A good workman knows how his tools function, and what to do when they go wrong. 

This post will take you on a journey from absolute n00b to knowing more than most advanced players. Check out the supporting posts linked throughout, dive into the subjects, go down the rabbit hole. 

When you come out the other side, you’ll know everything you need to know about how electric guitars work and why they’re so damn magical

A Brief History of The Electric Guitar

Let’s hop in our time machine and zip back to the 1930s. Musicians were getting frustrated because their acoustic guitars couldn’t be heard over the other instruments in big band settings.

Enter our heroes: innovators like Leo Fender and Les Paul.

These guys thought, “Hey, what if we could make a guitar that plugs into an amplifier?” And boom! The electric guitar was born. From the 1950s Fender Telecaster to the iconic Gibson Les Paul, electric guitars have been shaping the sound of music for decades.


Why Everyone’s Crazy About Electric Guitars

So, why are electric guitars so darn popular? Well, let me count the ways:

They’re versatile as heck: Want to play blues? Check. Metal? You got it. Jazz? No problem.

Electric guitars can do it all.

  • With an amp, you can go from bedroom player to stadium rocker with just a turn of a knob.
  • Effects galore: Pedals and effects units let you twist and warp your sound in mind-bending ways. Fancy sounding like you’re playing underwater? There’s a pedal for that!
  • Rock star factor: Let’s face it, when you picture a guitar god like Jimi Hendrix or Eric Clapton, they’re usually wielding an electric axe.

How Do Electric Guitars Work?

Alright, time for a quick science lesson (don’t worry, it’s the fun kind).

Here’s the basic rundown:

  • You strum or pick the strings.
  • The strings vibrate over the pickups (remember those?).
  • The pickups, which are basically magnets wrapped in wire, convert those vibrations into electrical signals.
  • The signals travel through your cable to your amplifier.
  • The amp boosts the signal and sends it to the speaker.
  • The speaker converts the electrical signal back into sound waves.

And that’s just the beginning! Add some effects pedals into the mix, and you can create everything from subtle echoes to face-melting distortion.


Beginner Guitars Have Literally Never Been Better

If you’re just starting out with guitar in 2024, you’re in a very good place. Just 10 years ago, beginner guitars were utter rubbish. But things have changed between then and now. 

Nowadays, thanks to innovative brands like Harley Benton, Squier, Eastman, and Epiphone, you can pick up a seriously decent electric guitar for less than $200. 

We covered this topic (that we now live in the golden age of guitars) on our podcast, so if you wan to listen to a deep-dive on that, check it out.

Back when I started – back in the early-90s – a $150 electric was hardly even useful as firewood. 


Types of Electric Guitars

Queens of the Stone Age Cancel Entire European Tour...

Now that you’ve got the basics down, let’s talk about the different types of electric guitars out there. It’s like walking into an ice cream shop – there are so many flavors to choose from, and they’re all delicious in their own way!

Solid-Body Electric Guitars: The Workhorses

First up, we’ve got solid-body electric guitars. These bad boys are the most common type you’ll see, and for good reason:

  • They’re built like tanks, so they can handle your wildest rock star antics.
  • They’ve got amazing sustain, meaning your notes will ring out for days (well, almost).
  • They’re super versatile, fitting into pretty much any genre you can think of.

Think of guitars like the Fender Stratocaster or the Gibson Les Paul. These are the go-to axes for many players, from beginners to pros. They’re like the Swiss Army knives of the guitar world – they can do it all!


Semi-Hollow Body Electric Guitars: The Best of Both Worlds

Next up, we’ve got semi-hollow body guitars. These are like the cool older cousin of solid-body guitars. They’ve got a solid center block with hollow “wings” on either side. Here’s why some players swear by them:

  • They’ve got a warmer, rounder tone than solid-bodies.
  • They can give you some lovely resonance and sustain.
  • They’re great for styles like blues, jazz, and indie rock.

Famous models include the Gibson ES-335 – it’s been used by everyone from Chuck Berry to Dave Grohl. Pretty good company, right?


Hollow Body Electric Guitars: The Jazz Cats’ Delight

Now, let’s talk about hollow body electric guitars. These are like the sophisticated older sibling in the electric guitar family.

They look a bit like acoustic guitars that have been electrified (which is basically what they are). Here’s why jazz players and blues aficionados love them:

  • They’ve got a deep, rich tone that’s perfect for mellower styles.
  • They can produce some beautiful, complex harmonics.
  • They’re great for clean, warm tones.

The Gibson ES-175 is a classic example – it’s been the weapon of choice for jazz legends like Pat Metheny. But you can use it for rock and metal too; Josh Homme recorded Songs For The Deaf on the Epiphone version (it costs like $300).


Extended Range Electric Guitars: For When Six Strings Just Aren’t Enough

Last but not least, we’ve got extended range guitars. These are for the players who think, “You know what? Six strings just aren’t enough for me!”

  • 7-string guitars give you an extra low string, perfect for heavy riffs and extended chords.
  • 8-string guitars and beyond? Now we’re in djent and progressive metal territory!

These guitars aren’t just for metal, though. They can add depth and complexity to any style of music.

You’ve got the basics down, and you know about the different types of electric guitars out there. Now, let’s talk about how to get started on your epic guitar journey. Don’t worry, we’ve all been beginners, and I’m here to help you navigate these first crucial steps.

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Budget: How Much Should You Spend?

You don’t need to break the bank. There are great guitars for every budget. Remember, Jimi Hendrix started on a $5 used guitar!

Think about what kind of music you want to play. A Stratocaster-style guitar is great for versatility, while a Les Paul-style might be better if you’re into heavier sounds.

Make sure the guitar feels good in your hands. If possible, try before you buy

Let’s be honest, looks matter. Choose a guitar that makes you want to pick it up and play!


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Electric Guitar Setup and Maintenance: Keeping Your Axe Sharp

Taking care of your guitar is like taking care of a pet – it needs love and attention to stay happy and healthy.

Tuning: Always tune your guitar before you play. Your ears (and anyone listening) will thank you.

String changing: Fresh strings make a world of difference. Learn how to change them yourself – it’s not as scary as it looks!

Cleaning: Wipe down your guitar after playing. Sweat and dirt can corrode your strings and hardware.

Action adjustment: This affects how easy your guitar is to play. If it feels too hard to press the strings, the action might need lowering.


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Different Types of Guitar Tuning

If you’re smart, you’ll learn in Standard Tuning. Once you understand the neck, chords, scale patterns, and the notes, you can experiment with alternative tunings like Drop D, D Standard, and more.

Standard Tuning: Standard Tuning is what the vast majority of popular and classic guitar music is written in. Think of it as basecamp for your guitar, a place where you can build and understand how everything works.

D Standard Tuning: D Standard Tuning is the same as Standard Tuning, except all of your strings are tuned DOWN a whole step. Standard Tuning looks like this: EADGBE, while D Standard looks like this DGCFAD.

Drop D Tuning: Drop D Tuning is where you turn the low e-string down a whole step to D while leaving all the other strings in Standard Tuning. This allows for one-finger power chords..

C Standard Tuning: C Standard Tuning is like D Standard Tuning except you’re tuning down another whole step. Josh Homme and other stoner rock bands like this tuning; it’s low and sounds incredibly heavy.

Electric Guitar Lessons for Beginners: Learning the Ropes

Online Lessons

Learning online is a great way to advance your guitar skills. If you’re like to learn with ELECTRIKJAM, join our community and get in touch – we can help you on your journey. 


In-Person Lessons

I don’t take that many students on, but when I do they get my full attention. If you’d like to book a session, see if we fit – contact me via our Newsletter.


YouTube Tutorials

There’s a tutorial for almost any song or technique you want to learn.

You can check out The ELECTRIKJAM YouTube channel for playing tips and lots more

Essential Accessories

Accessories Every Beginner Needs

You’ve got your guitar, but that’s just the beginning. Here’s some essential gear to get you started

Amplifier

You need something to make your electric guitar, well, electric! Start with a small practice amp.

Tuner

Trust me, you want one of these. Clip-on tuners are cheap and super handy.

Picks

Get a variety pack to find what thickness you prefer.

Strap

Unless you plan on always playing sitting down, you’ll need one of these.

Cable

You need this to connect your guitar to your amp. Get a decent one; it makes a difference.

Gig Bag or Case

Protect your investment from bumps and scratches (and changes in the weather)

Brands You Can Trust

Popular Electric Guitar Brands

Do pros use Squier guitars

There’s plenty of guitar brands out there. Too many, to be honest. And they all do things slightly differently. You have the top brass: Fender, Gibson, Ibanez, and PRS. 

And then you have more affordable brands like Harley Benton, Epiphone, Squier, and Yamaha. 

You’ll want to be looking at brands like Harley Benton, Epiphone, Squier, and other more affordable brands. As a beginner, there’s no point spending thousands on a high-end guitar you cannot play. 

Here’s a breakdown of all the most well known and respected electric guitar brands that we A) recommend and rate, and B) should be on your radar as a new player. 

Fender: The Cool Kid on the Block

Fender Meteora vs Fender Telecaster

Fender is the brand to beat right now. It’s a legacy brand, sure, but unlike Gibson, Fender moves with the times. It listens to players, adjusts and evolves with the demands of modern guitarists. 

It does custom shop, mainline models, and Player Series models for the aspiring guitarist that doesn’t want to spend $1000+. 

And then you have its Squier brand which is where you’ll find affordable versions of its mainline models – from teles to strats to the Jazzmaster and the Mustang. 

  • They invented the Stratocaster and Telecaster, two of the most iconic electric guitars ever.
  • Their guitars are known for their bright, crisp tones and versatility.
  • From Jimi Hendrix to John Mayer, countless legends have rocked Fenders.

Fender guitars are great for genres like rock, blues, country, and pop. If you want that classic “twang,” Fender’s your brand.

Gibson: The Timeless Classic

New Gibson Guitars 2024

Gibson’s about as iconic as it gets with electric guitars. Ask 100 people what they think of when you say, “electric guitar”, and a good 70% of them will see a Gibson Les Paul in their mind’s eye. 

Played by the greats and loved by nearly all who own one, Gibson is currently the biggest guitar brand on the planet with a 30% share of the market. 

But its guitars are HELLA expensive. You’ll pay over $800 for the most basic-bitch Gibson.

But don’t do that; for the same money you can get much, much more bang for your buck by going with a high-end, Inspired By Gibson models from Epiphone. 

  • They’re the creators of the legendary Les Paul and SG models.
  • Gibson guitars are known for their warm, rich tones and amazing sustain.
  • Rock gods like Jimmy Page and Slash have made Gibson guitars famous.

If you’re into rock, metal, or blues, a Gibson might be your dream guitar. But you’ll probably have to wait until either your record goes platinum or you open your first dental practice before you can afford one…

Ibanez: The Speed Demon

Ibanez Signature Guitars A Complete Overview [2023]

Now, let’s talk about Ibanez. If Fender is the cool kid and Gibson is the classic rocker, Ibanez is the speed demon that loves to shred.

And unlike Gibson and Fender (to an extent), Ibanez makes guitars for players at every stage of their journey – from its budget, beginner models right they way up to its high-end, professional models.

If you like choice, exotic pickups, fast necks, and you want to play fast, Ibanez is a great brand to get acquainted with.

Here’s why:

  • They’re known for their fast, thin necks that are perfect for lightning-quick solos.
  • Ibanez guitars often feature high-output pickups great for heavy genres.
  • Their RG series is a favorite among metal and hard rock players.

If you dream of playing blistering solos or chunky metal riffs, Ibanez might be your jam.

Schecter: The Heavy Hitter

SCHECTER GUITARS (1)

Last but not least, we’ve got Schecter. These guys are like the new kid in school who showed up one day and immediately started turning heads.

Schecter operates in the middle to upper end of the premium segment of the market. You’ll pay anywhere from $600 to $2000 for a Schecter guitar. The quality of Schecter’s guitars, on all levels of its pricing spectrum, however, is what really sets them apart.

I’m basically a Schecter fanboy; they’re all I really play. I love them and, for the money, I don’t think there’s a better option on the market right now.

Here’s the scoop:

  • Schecter guitars are built with heavy music in mind.
  • They’re known for their high-quality construction and aggressive looks.
  • Models like the C-1 and Hellraiser are favorites in the metal and hard rock scenes.

If you want to chug out some heavy riffs or play some face-melting solos, Schecter’s got your back.

Other Noteworthy Brands: The Supporting Cast

Of course, these aren’t the only players in the game. There are tons of other great brands out there:

  • Epiphone: Gibson’s more affordable sister brand. Great quality at lower prices.
  • PRS (Paul Reed Smith): Known for their beautiful finishes and versatile sounds.
  • Yamaha: Makes solid, reliable guitars great for beginners and pros alike.

Remember, no single brand is the “best.” Each has its strengths, and the right one for you depends on your playing style, the genres you love, and what feels good in your hands.

best harley benton telecaster
This ain’t a Fender or a Squier; it’s a Harley Benton. It costs $200 and it is utterly brilliant – one of favorite beginner guitars on the market right now

Helpful Podcast Episodes

the electrikjam podcast

We cover A LOT of stuff on The ELECTRIKJAM Podcast. But the curated episodes below are ones all beginner players should check out – and make sure you subscribe too!

Are Amazon Guitars Good? No – Here’s Why…

We take a look at these super-affordable guitars found on Amazon, and give you a different perspective than the influencers. We have had hands-on experience, and you might be surprised with our findings. We can save you some $$$…and potential headaches.


We Now Live In The Golden Age of Guitar

Today we take a look at how guitar products, and even guitars themselves, have never been more affordable. The same can be said for recording equipment, and all of the DAW plugins on the market. Everything is much easier now, right?


The Fruitless Pursuit For The Perfect Guitar

There is no perfect guitar that will change your playing or your style. A nice guitar may make you want to practice more, but will it change your guitar style? Tools do not make you a better artist.

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